Syrian Kurd Mohamed Zidik, 76, still buys his bread and baclavas from his Turkish neighbours in Berlin, but he knows better than to expound on his views about Ankara's offensive in his hometown.
Islamic groups in Germany Thursday criticised a lack of solidarity and support over a spate of attacks on Muslims and mosques carried out by right-wing extremists and "terrorist" groups.
Arsonists on Monday struck a Turkish community centre in western Germany, the latest in a string of attacks which Turkey has sometimes blamed on Kurdish militants amid its military offensive in northern Syria.
German police shut down a tense demonstration in Cologne on Saturday, after around 15,000 Kurds took to the streets to protest Turkey's offensive in northern Syria.
Leading Turkish and Kurdish groups in Germany on Wednesday accused each other of "importing" a foreign conflict in the wake of Ankara's cross-border offensive against a Syrian Kurdish militia.
About 25,000 Kurds and Alevis rallied in the German city of Cologne on Saturday against Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, after the arrest of pro-Kurdish politicians earlier this month, the DPA news agency reported.
Several thousand Kurds marched in the western Germany city of Cologne on Saturday in support of pro-Kurdish
politicians jailed in Turkey the previous day.
Turkey has around 6,000 informants working in Germany, which experts say means they're each monitoring more people than the Stasi did in West Germany during the Cold War.
A group of German politicians and public figures have filed a lawsuit against Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, accusing him of committing war crimes against his country's Kurdish minority.
Machine guns and pistols delivered by the German Defence Ministry to Kurdish fighters in northern Iraq are being sold on the black market, research by public broadcaster NDR shows.
Around 15,000 people marched in Dusseldorf on Saturday to protest against Turkey's military crackdown against Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) rebels, local police said.
Update: American media has reported that the attack may have used mustard gas from stockpiles of banned poisons that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was forced to get rid of in 2013.
The German government has issued more severe warnings about travelling to Turkey after a string of terror attacks in the south of the country, and as Ankara intensifies conflict against two militias in Syria and Iraq.
A senior commander of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), Cemil Bayek, has apologised to Germany for violent actions which the banned organisation carried out in the 1990s, it was reported on Thursday evening.
Kurdish government forces in Iraq are reported to have arrested Yazidi militia leader and German citizen Hayder Shesho in a sign of growing tension within the anti-Isis alliance.
Germany finds itself in a complicated relationship with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). At home, police must investigate anyone who flies the flag, but in the Middle East they are the best hope of beating back the Islamic State.
Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier pressed UN General Secretary Ban Ki-Moon to bring possible poison gas use by Isis in Iraq before the Security Council.
UPDATE: Violence between Islamists and Kurds on Germany's streets this week has prompted some conservative politicians to call for a ban on demonstrations, amid fears further planned protests will get out of control.
Almost 1,300 police officers were deployed in Hamburg on Wednesday night to prevent violence re-erupting between local Kurds and Muslim fundamentalists. One person was injured in a fight.
UPDATE: Police had to separate around 800 Kurds and Islamists in Hamburg last night when street battles broke out between the two groups over the Middle East crisis. Demonstrators came armed with metal bars and machetes and 14 people were injured.
On a dusty firing range outside the Iraqi Kurdish capital of Irbil, peshmerga fighter Ardalan Aziz Hamad hefts his new German-made assault rifle and is clearly impressed.
