What’s going on?
Though it may have largely disappeared from the headlines, Covid has by no means vanished over the summer. On Wednesday, the 7-day incidence in Germany was still around 700 infections per 100,000 people, though the real number of cases is likely to be much higher. There are still an average of 100 Covid-related deaths every day.
As people return from holidays, children go back to school and temperatures begin to drop in September, the infection numbers are expected to rise again. Health Minister Karl Lauterbach has already warned of a "catastrophic" development of the virus if no suitable measures are adopted before autumn.
His ministry has spoken out about a plan to combat Covid, but it still hasn't been decided what the infection protection laws will contain.
READ ALSO: Key points - German Health Ministry lays out autumn Covid plan
Mask wearing
Currently, mask wearing is only mandatory on public transport and in facilities with risk groups such as clinics and nursing homes, but it looks extremely likely that it will once again become mandatory to wear a mask in most indoor areas in the colder months.
At the beginning of July, German Justice Minister Marco Buschmann (FDP) said that it was likely that the new Infection Protection Act would again include a far-reaching mask requirement, while Chancellor Olaf Scholz told ARD in his summer interview: "I believe that one must already assume that the mask will already play a greater role in the fall and winter than it does now.”
READ ALSO: The Covid mask rules in GermanyÂ
Vaccinations
Health Minister Lauterbach has already said there will be a new vaccination campaign in the autumn and recommended that people under 60 get their fourth injection.
READ ALSO: German Health Minister calls on under 60s to get next Covid jab
There are currently no approved vaccines in the EU which are adapted to specific Covid variants, though the EU Medicines Agency (EMA) is currently conducting trials for a Covid vaccine that is adapted to the Omicron variant.
If these trials prove successful, it could be that we see variant-specific jabs being recommended later in the winter. At the moment, however, it is not yet known exactly which variants will dominate in Germany in winter.
Vaccination Status
One thing that is already clear, is that, from October 1st, those who have not received their Covid booster vaccination will be considered unvaccinated.Â
The EU Covid digital vaccination certificate will be shown as invalid for domestic use when checked with the CovPass or Corona-Warning app.
READ ALSO: EXPLAINED: Germany’s planned changes to Covid vaccination status
2G and 3G rules
Last winter, 2G and 3G rules were in place across much of Germany. The 3G rule meant passengers had to be fully vaccinated (geimpft), recovered from Covid (genesen) or have a recent Covid test (getestet), while 2G entry restrictions meant that only those who had been fully vaccinated or were recovered could enter venues such as restaurants and sporting facilities.
Things got even more complicated with 2G+ rules when restrictions were tightened to allow only boosted and fully vaccinated or recovered people with a test into certain venues.
According to a resolution paper of the state health ministers obtained by Bild newspaper at the beginning of July, a return to 2G or 3G rules this autumn also seems possible.
Bild quoted from the paper: "If, due to an unfavourable development of the Covid pandemic, the basic measures for the protection of the health system are not sufficient, the states must be able to take further containment measures. These include access restrictions, submission of proof of immunity and testing, and person limits.”
Testing
The German government scrapped free Covid testing at the end of June and, since then, taxpayer-funded rapid Covid-19 tests are no longer free of charge except for certain groups of people, including those who can’t get vaccinated for medical reasons.Â
People in Germany can now pay a reduced fee of €3 for a test for private use, including for visits to family celebrations, concerts or other indoor events, or if they get a red notification on their Covid warning app, or if they plan to meet someone over the age of 60 or people with a pre-existing illness or disability.
Following the new rules, the German Association of Towns and Municipalities immediately called for free Covid tests to come back in the colder months.Â
Chief Executive Gerd Landsberg told Redaktionsnetzwerk Deutschland at the beginning of July: "We assume that by the autumn at the latest, when the next big wave of Covid threatens, there will have to be free tests again across the board."
At the moment, it is still unclear whether tests will become free again. It’s likely that this decision will be taken into consideration along with whether or not to reintroduce 2G and 3G rules, which were scrapped in March.
READ ALSO: EXPLAINED: The new rules on getting a Covid test in Germany
Lockdowns
The reintroduction of lockdowns looks unlikely, with both the Justice Minister and Chancellor Olaf Scholz having rejected the idea.
In his summer interview with ARD, the German Chancellor said: "There should be no more school closures, and I don't think we need the kind of lockdown we've had in recent years." We now have a "completely changed situation," Scholz said, referring to a vaccination rate of 76 percent in Germany.
The prospect of new lockdowns was outright rejected by Justice Minister Bushman: "In my view, based on everything we know, lockdowns, school closures, and curfews are no longer proportionate today…we are in the third year. And if we know today that these measures have a very poor cost-benefit profile, then we should say goodbye to them for good," he said.
READ ALSO: Covid lockdowns in Germany shouldn't be ruled out, says expert
Quarantines and isolation
At the moment, anyone infected with Covid has to isolate for at least five days and up to a maximum of ten days.
Whether this will continue into the autumn is currently the subject of intense debate for German politicians.
Politicians from the liberal FDP party, along with the chairman of the board of the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians, are in favour of ending all Covid isolation and quarantine obligations.
However, the Greens’ health politician Saskia Weishaupt and Health Minister Karl Lauterbach are currently against ending the isolation obligation, with Lauterbach deeming it a potential “safety risk”.
READ ALSO: Should Germany get rid of Covid mandatory isolation?
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